ARM (Advanced RISC Machines and originally Acorn RISC Machine) is a family of reduced instruction set computing (RISC) architectures for computer processors, configured for various environments. Arm Ltd. develops the architecture and licenses it to other companies, who design their own products that implement one of those architectures — including systems-on-chips (SoC) and systems-on-modules (SoM) that incorporate different components such as memory, interfaces, and radios. It also designs cores that implement this instruction set and licenses these designs to a number of companies that incorporate those core designs into their own products.
These are commonly used by RVmagnetics to process measurements into the customer's preferred software. They also serve as AD converters. Even though we usually use an ARM as it is the best fit, a Nucleo or Arduino chip may be used for a similar purpose as well.